POLAND

Poland is among the group of Moderate innovators, with an innovation performance considerably below the EU27 average but an above average rate of improvement. Relative strengths, compared to the country’s average performance, are in Human resources, Firm investments and Economic effects and relative weaknesses are in Linkages & entrepreneurship, Throughputs and Innovators.

Over the past 5 years, Finance and support and Throughputs have been a strong driver of improved performance, in particular as a result from strong growth in Private credit (15.4%), Broadband access by firms (20.5%), Community trademarks (14.4%) and Community designs (28.7%). Performance in Innovators and Economic effects has worsened, in particular due to a decrease in New-to-market sales (-13.4%).